Research centres
Research Group for Intelligent Offshore Renewable Energy Systems (INORES)
Intelligent Offshore Renewable Energy Systems

Research Group for Intelligent Offshore Renewable Energy Systems (INORES)

About

The on-going escalation of climate change-induced catastrophic consequences has urged the Governments of UK, EU countries, and many others, to prioritise a transition to net-zero economy by 2050.

To enable this transition in an environmentally and economically viable (sustainable) manner, renewable energy sources are demanded to be exploited to replace fossil fuels. For the UK and EU, the offshore renewable sources are abundant, including offshore wind, marine waves, and tidal streams. These considerations have brought the offshore renewable energy (ORE) sector to the forefront of research and development (R&D), contributing to ‘green industrial revolution’.

In response to this considerable interest and investment on ORE R&D activities in UK/EU, INORES brings together a diverse team of experts to focus on and address several key open challenges in the ORE agenda, as identified by the UKRI-funded ORE Catapult consortium and ORE Hub.

INORES combines knowledge and expertise for using SST’s world-class and national leading laboratory facilities, including the T2 and T7 wind tunnels and geotechnical centrifuge, enabling experimental research on wind turbine systems and blades, offshore foundations, anchoring and ground settlement. Further, INORES’s expertise in leveraging the powerful SST high-performance computing (HPC) system enables fast numerical simulations and supports the implementation of data-driven, AI and ML tools for ORE development and deployment, as well as the digital twin for ORE systems and farms.

INORES aims to address open challenges in the ORE agenda using a whole-system approach supported by AI, data science and ML technologies. The specific challenges include but not limited to:

  • Resource and environment characterisation using numerical and experimental modelling, including the long-term sediment transport
  • Novel device concepts and multi-purpose hybrid ORE systems: including the bio-inspired blade optimisation and flow control, hybrid wind-wave, wind-solar and wind-hydrogen systems
  • Intelligent structural monitoring and operation: including AI supported and data-driven structural monitoring integrated with active vibration control and adaptive motion mitigation
  • Improving Survivability and reliability:  whole-system approach for more consistent reliability through risk-based design, extending operational limit by mitigating extreme action
  • Structural integrity in the Marine Environment: promoting new materials and coatings, evaluating the corrosion and fatigue of ORE system, reducing fatigue equivalent loads through structural vibrations control
  • Atmospheric Boundary Layer wind flow, large-scale wave action, turbine wake interactions to maximise the energy production and reduce the LCOE of ORE farms
  • Climate Change effect and whole-life design
  • ML-supported multi-model multi-scale multi-fidelity simulation suite for fluid-structure-seabed interaction, aiming to model the individual ORE system and farm in complex marine environment
  • Digital Twin for ORE systems
  • International Design Standards: to pour the knowledge of INORES into much-needed design guidelines for novel ORE systems.

Projects

Dr Agathoklis Giaralis

This project will facilitate a net-zero energy transition by extending the applicability of bottom-fixed offshore wind turbines (BOWTs) to deeper waters with higher wind energy generation potential. This is pursued by a novel optimisation-driven BOWT design protocol, coupling minimal weight sizing of the turbine support structure with optimal tuning of innovative vibration absorbers to minimize the critical wind/wave stresses.

Although there is a long history of research of wave energy convertors (WECs), there are still many challenges that make it difficult to develop effective, reliable and economically viable WECs. One of the challenges is the lack of robust modelling tools to assess survivability of WECs under extreme marine environments that cause extreme loads and large responses. Survivability of WECs needs to be concerned not only in the design stage but also when operational to maximise the amount of harnessed energy and minimise the risk of damage. To assess and analyse the survivability of WECs, one must identify survival conditions, quantify loadings and responses of WECs and characterise the pressure and velocity field of WECs under survival conditions. Identification of survival conditions for WECs requires not only the consideration of severe storms but also of loads and responses of WECs in shorter steep seas, which is different from that for other offshore structures that may just need to consider severe storms giving the largest wave heights. High precision quantification of loadings and responses of WECs must consider wave breaking and viscosity, which will provide dominate factors for conceptual design and to determine if the device needs to be shut down. Characterisation of the pressure and velocity fields of WECs needs to resolve two-phase flow with vortex structures to sufficient detail, which will provide information for structural and components design. In addition, as the waves in the survival conditions are highly nonlinear, they must be simulated for a long propagating duration in a large domain to allow them to sufficiently evolve. Therefore, the numerical modelling tools for analysing WEC survivability should have the capability of dealing with breaking waves and two-phase flow and accurately estimating the effect of viscosity in turbulent states. In the meantime, the tools must be fast enough so that engineers can simulate the cases within practical time-scales for design.

Many numerical models with various levels of accuracy and efficiency exist, but none of them can adequately deal with the extreme conditions found in practice. Some models are phase-averaged, being computationally efficient but not sufficiently accurate. Some models are phased-resolved, based either on the potential theory or the viscous theory. The most advanced potential models are fully nonlinear and much faster than viscous models, but could not deal with wave breaking and turbulence which always occurs for WECs. The viscous models can theoretically deal with the physical phenomena but are generally very computationally expensive, perhaps also suffering from unwanted numerical dissipation. This project will develop a novel numerical modelling suite by combining different models and by proposing new numerical approaches and machine learning techniques, which will be more accurate and require less computational effort. The modelling suite will be able to automatically go up to fully nonlinear simulations and down to linear simulations depending on the level of nonlinearity of waves and their interaction with the WECs. The new modelling suite will be validated by data measured from WEC models in the laboratory and real devices at sea, and will be applied to assess the parameters relevant to the survivability and reliability of WECs.

During the project, an advisory board will be set up to give the suggestions on specific research topics, and regular project meetings/workshops will be held to attract the interests of WECs stakeholders and disseminate the research outcomes. Our project partners will be invited to be a member of the advisory board and to attend or contribute to the meetings/workshops. Databases for different types of WECs will be created during this project, which will be accessible by general public.

Wave energy globally has potential average power slightly less than wind but this has been unexploited to date. We are concerned here with wave energy converters (WECs) offshore, before the energy resource is reduced by shallow-water effects, which would be suitable for grid scale electricity generation. Individual WEC capacity has been considered to be much smaller than for wind turbines and cost of energy (COE) considerably larger. However, with multi-mode, multi-float systems, capacity may be similar to or greater than wind in some locations and COE has been estimated to be similar to offshore wind. Survivability in extreme waves needs to be established, along with reliability of components. The mooring is the most vulnerable structural component of an offshore wave energy converter. Snap loads are a particular problem in extreme waves, and also in intermediate waves affecting fatigue. There is a widespread consensus in the wave energy community that mooring system design and modelling is a major challenge that needs to be overcome. Although literature and design guidelines for conventional ocean engineering applications are abundant, in general they do not account for the requirements of wave energy conversion, where the mooring should not inhibit platform motion causing the energy generation. Design, optimization, and assessment of mooring systems require efficient hydrodynamic and dynamic mooring models, which should be fully coupled to represent all interactions. There are various mooring options: catenary slack moored, elastic taut moored, combinations with single point (buoy) moorings, and nylon/polyester ropes offer an economic option while reducing snap loads. While some progress has been made with nonlinear hydrodynamic WEC loading models for point absorbers, an efficient general nonlinear hydrodynamic loading model for multi-bodies, accounting for wave breaking, is presently not available. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations require days, even weeks, to run on multiple processors and is unreliable for complex dynamic problems. The intention here is generalise efficient linear hydrodynamic load models by including the fully nonlinear force component due to the pressure field in the waves, known as the Froude-Krylov force. This has improved predictions of response and mooring load, markedly in some cases. This will be advanced through comparison with experimental wave basin tests and formally generalised through system identification, for single and multi-bodies with a range of mooring configurations in representative, generally multi-directional wave fields and currents. The convenient simplification of linear wave input will also be assessed with a revised force formulation determined by system identification. These force formulations will be coupled with the general industry-standard mooring model Orcaflex accounting for dynamic and material properties enabling design optimization using multi-objective genetic algorithms. This will enable survivability, fatigue and reliability analyses.

The offshore wind industry has experienced significant growth in recent years, and continues to expand both in the UK and worldwide. Most of the offshore wind turbines installed to date are located in relatively shallow water and are mounted on fixed bottom support structures. Given the limitation of suitable shallow water sites available with high wind resources and also to reduce the environmental and visual impact of turbines, it is necessary to extend wind turbines to deeper water through the development of floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) systems, which mount wind turbines on floating support platforms.

The project aims to fill an important gap in the design, manufacturing and testing of emerging FOWT techniques by specifically characterising extreme loading on FOWTs under complex and harsh marine environments. These are typically represented by storm conditions consisting of strong wind, extreme waves, significant current, rising sea level and complex interplay between these elements, through a coordinated campaign of both advanced CFD modelling and physical wave tank tests. This has direct relevance to the current and planned activities in the UK to develop this new technology in offshore wind.

In addition, the project aims to develop a suite of hierarchical numerical models that can be applied routinely for both fast and detailed analysis of the specific flow problem of environmental (wind, wave, current) loading and dynamic responses of FOWTs under realistic storm conditions. As an integral part of the project, a new experimental programme will be devised and conducted in the COAST laboratory at the University of Plymouth, providing improved understanding of the underlying physics and for validating the numerical models. Towards the end of the project, fully documented CFD software and experimental data sets will be released to relevant industrial users and into the Public Domain, so that they may be used to aid the design of future support structures of FOWTs and to secure their survivability with an extended envelope of safe operation for maximum power output.

The High End Computing Consortium for Wave Structure Interaction (HEC WSI) is a new and emerging communities consortium that represents the established community of researchers in wave structure interaction that are working together through the support of the CCP-WSI+ (Collaborative Computational Project on Wave Structure Interaction plus). This brings together a community of researchers in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational structure mechanics (CSM) who are developing and applying fully coupled wave structure interaction numerical modelling tools suitable for the latest challenges in coastal and ocean engineering, and other wave structure interaction (WSI) free surface flow problems, such as sloshing in containers and liquid fuels, and would benefit from access to significant HPC resource. The consortium addresses underpinning research applicable to Net Zero and Decarbonisation solutions aligned with UK Government strategy and will enable new science and innovation unlocked by access to high-end computing capabilities for solving WSI problems in these areas.

The consortium will make significant technical developments of software codes to enhance their suitability for high-end computing. These will include optimising key codes used within the WSI community to achieve better scalability of the multi-phase solvers, developing tools to allow interoperability between the solvers for fluids and solid mechanics, developing coupling strategies between wave, wind, rigid body and hydro elastics models for different applications in costal/ocean engineering and related areas, and also developing AI/ML surrogate modelling tools informed by high fidelity WSI simulations utilising the aforementioned developments.

The consortium will maximise the involvement of the whole community working on coastal and ocean engineering and related areas. These will include providing the opportunity for researchers in the community to port and benchmark their own codes and to use the software codes supported by the consortium on the HPC resource. The HEC WSI will also provide opportunities for early career researchers to learn and become proficient in using HPC resources and will serve as a forum to communicate research and share HEC WSI expertise within the WSI community, helping to promote the highest quality engineering research and provide leadership in developing strategic agendas for the WSI community.

The success of this consortium will be ensured by supporting the existing wide CCP-WSI+ network of over 200 researchers, spanning academia and industry in 5 continents working on WSI, ORE (offshore renewable energy) and other relevant applications and sectors. The community will be strengthened and consolidated through this project. The HEC WSI will expand the volume of users, provide support for the WSI and wider community and significantly enhance WSI codes for them to be used on HPCs and most advanced high-end computing systems by the end of this project.

The proposed new CCP-WSI+ builds on the impact generated by the Collaborative Computational Project in Wave Structure Interaction (CCP-WSI) and extends it to connect together previously separate communities in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational structural mechanics (CSM). The new CCP-WSI+ collaboration builds on the NWT, will accelerate the development of Fully Coupled Wave Structure Interaction (FCWSI) modelling suitable for dealing with the latest challenges in offshore and coastal engineering.

Since being established in 2015, CCP-WSI has provided strategic leadership for the WSI community, and has been successful in generating impact in: Strategy setting, Contributions to knowledge, and Strategic software development and support. The existing CCP-WSI network has identified priorities for WSI code development through industry focus group workshops; it has advanced understanding of the applicability and reliability of WSI through an internationally recognised Blind Test series; and supported collaborative code development.

Acceleration of the offshore renewable energy sector and protection of coastal communities are strategic priorities for the UK and involve complex WSI challenges. Designers need computational tools that can deal with complex environmental load conditions and complex structures with confidence in their reliability and appropriate use. Computational tools are essential for design and assessment within these priority areas and there is a need for continued support of their development, appropriate utilisation and implementation to take advantage of recent advances in HPC architecture.

Both the CFD and CSM communities have similar challenges in needing computationally efficient code development suitable for simulations of design cases of greater and greater complexity and scale. Many different codes are available commercially and are developed in academia, but there remains considerable uncertainty in the reliability of their use in different applications and of independent qualitative measures of the quality of a simulation.

One of the novelties of this CCP is that in addition to considering the interface between fluids and structures from a computational perspective, we propose to bring together the two UK expert communities who are leading developments in those respective fields. The motivation is to develop FCWSI software, which couples the best in class CFD tools with the most recent innovations in computational solid mechanics. Due to the complexity of both fields, this would not be achievable without interdisciplinary collaboration and co-design of FCWSI software.

The CCP-WSI+ will bring the CFD and CSM communities together through a series of networking events and industry workshops designed to share good practice and exchange advances across disciplines and to develop the roadmap for the next generation of FCWSI tools. Training and workshops will support the co-creation of code coupling methodologies and libraries to support the range of CFD codes used in an open source environment for community use and to aid parallel implementation. The CCP-WSI+ will carry out a software audit on WSI codes and the data repository and website will be extended and enhanced with database visualisation and archiving to allow for contributions from the expanded community. Code developments will be supported through provision and management of the code repository, user support and training in software engineering and best practice for coupling and parallelisation.

By bringing together two communities of researchers who are independently investigating new computational methods for fluids and structures, we believe we will be able to co-design the next generation of FCWSI tools with realism both in the flow physics and the structural response, and in this way, will unlock new complex applications in ocean and coastal engineering

Publications

Zhang, N., Yan, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-8968-6616, Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454 , Khayyer, A., Guo, X. & Zheng, X. (2024). A Consistent Second Order ISPH for Free Surface Flow. Computers & Fluids, 274, article number 106224. doi: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2024.106224

Sabaliauskaite, G., Stallebrass, S. E., McNamara, A. M. ORCID: 0000-0002-3452-0800 , Taylor, N. ORCID: 0000-0002-8103-0433, Divall, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-9212-5115 & Panchal, J. (2024). Centrifuge modelling of hollow heated piles in saturated sand. Paper presented at the XVIII European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 26-30 Aug 2024, Lisbon, Portugal.

Divall, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-9212-5115, Davies, M. C. R., Stallebrass, S. E. ORCID: 0000-0002-3747-9524 , Mahony, J., Quintavalle, S., Bowen-Bravery, J., Johnson-Watts, T. & Mulligan, R. (2024). Giant shear box tests on recycled 6F5 for tracked plant platforms. Paper presented at the XVIII European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 26-30 Aug 2024, Lisbon, Portugal.

Sabaliauskaite, G., Divall, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-9212-5115, McNamara, A. ORCID: 0000-0002-3452-0800 , Stallebrass, S. E. ORCID: 0000-0002-3747-9524 & Taylor, N. ORCID: 0000-0002-8103-0433 (2024). Rough pile stereolithography for centrifuge modelling. Paper presented at the XVIII European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 26-30 Aug 2024, Lisbon, Portugal.

Tsavdaridis, K. ORCID: 0000-0001-8349-3979, Giaralis, A. ORCID: 0000-0002-2952-1171, Wang, Z. & Ferreira, F. P. V. (2024). Vibration Response of Ultra-Shallow Floor Beam (USFB) Composite Floors. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Structures and Buildings,

Li, Y., Yan, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-8968-6616, Shi, H. , Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454, Dong, X. & Cao, F. (2024). Wave load characteristics on a hybrid wind-wave energy system. Ocean Engineering, 294, article number 116827. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.116827

Xiao, Q., Calvert, R., Yan, S. Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-8968-6616 , Adcock, T. A. A. & van den Bremer, T. S. (2024). Surface gravity wave-induced drift of floating objects in the diffraction regime. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 980, article number A27. doi: 10.1017/jfm.2024.31

Divall, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-9212-5115, Goodey, R. J., Davies, M. C. R. , Le, B. T. & Nguyen, T. T. T. (2023). Twin-tunnelling: Case studies in clay. Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences, 64(12), pp. 66-78. doi: 10.46326/JMES.2023.64(6).08

Li, Y., Yan, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-8968-6616, Shi, H. , Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454, Li, D. & Cao, F. (2023). Hydrodynamic analysis of a novel multi-buoy wind-wave energy system. Renewable Energy, 219(1), article number 119477. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2023.119477

Patsialis, D., Taflanidis, A. & Giaralis, A. ORCID: 0000-0002-2952-1171 (2023). Exploring the impact of excitation and structural response/performance modeling fidelity in the design of seismic protective devices. Engineering Structures, 291, article number 115811. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.115811

Zhang, N., Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454, Zheng, X. & Yan, S. (2023). A two-way coupling method for simulating wave-induced breakup of ice floes based on SPH. Journal of Computational Physics, 488, article number 112185. doi: 10.1016/j.jcp.2023.112185

Yuan, Y., Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454, Yan, S. , Zheng, X., Liao, K., Ma, G., Sun, H. & Khayyer, A. (2023). A hybrid method for modelling wake flow of a wind turbine. Ocean Engineering, 281, article number 114770. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.114770

De Falco, N., Bilotta, E., Divall, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-9212-5115 & Goodey, R.J. (2023). Numerical analysis of deep ground movements induced by circular shaft construction. In: Rahman, M. & Jaksa, M. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. 20th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022, 01-05 May 2022, Sydney, Australia.

Ritchie, E. P., Divall, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-9212-5115 & Goodey, R.J. (2023). A method for creating larger clay samples with permeability anisotropy for geotechnical centrifuge modelling. In: Rahman, M. & Jaksa, M. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 01- 05 May 2022, Sydney, Australia.

Zhang, N., Yan, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-8968-6616, Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454 , Guo, X., Xie, Z. & Zheng, X. (2023). A CNN-supported Lagrangian ISPH model for free surface flow. Applied Ocean Research, 136, article number 103587. doi: 10.1016/j.apor.2023.103587

Li, Q., Yan, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-8968-6616, Zhang, Y. ORCID: 0000-0002-4141-909X , Zhang, N., Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454 & Xie, Z. (2023). Numerical Modelling of Breaking Wave Impacts on Seawalls with Recurved Parapets Using qaleFOAM. International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers, 33(2), pp. 157-163. doi: 10.17736/ijope.2023.sv05

Saincher, S., Sriram, V., Ravindar, R. , Yan, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-8968-6616, Stagonas, D., Schimmels, S., Xie, Z., Benoit, M., Benguigui, W., Teles, M., Robaux, F., Peyrard, C., Asiikkis, A., Frantzis, C., Vakis, A., Grigoriadis, D., Li, Q., Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454, Zhang, N., Zheng, K., Zhao, X., Hu, X., Chen, S., Chen, S., Meng, Q., Zhao, W. & Wan, D. (2023). Comparative Study on Breaking Waves Interaction with Vertical Wall Retrofitted with Recurved Parapet in Small and Large Scale. International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering, 33(2), pp. 113-122. doi: 10.17736/ijope.2023.jc890

Alotta, G., Biondo, C., Giaralis, A. ORCID: 0000-0002-2952-1171 & Failla, G. (2023). Seismic protection of land-based wind turbine towers using the tuned inerter damper. Structures, 51, pp. 640-656. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2023.03.004

Balatti, D., Khodaparast, H. H., Friswell, M. I. , Manolesos, M. ORCID: 0000-0002-5506-6061 & Castrichini, A. (2023). Experimental and numerical investigation of an aircraft wing with hinged wingtip for gust load alleviation. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 119, article number 103892. doi: 10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2023.103892

Brooks, S. J., Mahmood, M., Roy, R. , Manolesos, M. ORCID: 0000-0002-5506-6061 & Salonitis, K. (2023). Self-reconfiguration simulations of turbines to reduce uneven farm degradation. Renewable Energy, 206, pp. 1301-1314. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2023.02.064

Rajana, K. & Giaralis, A. ORCID: 0000-0002-2952-1171 (2023). A novel nonlinear isolated rooftop tuned mass damper-inerter (IR-TMDI) system for seismic response mitigation of buildings. Acta Mechanica, 234(9), pp. 3751-3777. doi: 10.1007/s00707-023-03556-9

Manolesos, M. ORCID: 0000-0002-5506-6061, Chng, L., Kaufmann, N. , Ouro, P., Ntouras, D. & Papadakis, G. (2023). Using vortex generators for flow separation control on tidal turbine profiles and blades. Renewable Energy, 205, pp. 1025-1039. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2023.02.009

Le, B. T., Nguyen, T. T. T., Divall, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-9212-5115 & Davies, M. C. R. (2023). A study on large volume losses induced by EBPM tunnelling in sandy soils. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 132, article number 104847. doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2022.104847

Wang, Z. & Giaralis, A. ORCID: 0000-0002-2952-1171 (2023). A novel integrated optimization-driven design framework for minimum-weight lateral-load resisting systems in wind-sensitive buildings equipped with dynamic vibration absorbers. Structural Control and Health Monitoring, 2023, pp. 1-19. doi: 10.1155/2023/3754773

Giaralis, A. ORCID: 0000-0002-2952-1171 & Taflanidis, A. (2023). Preface for the special issue on Advances on Inerter-based Seismic Protection of Structures. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 21(3), pp. 1355-1359. doi: 10.1007/s10518-023-01626-w

Hao, H., Liao, K., Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454 , Zheng, X., Sun, H. & Khayyer, A. (2023). Wind turbine model-test method for achieving similarity of both model- and full-scale thrusts and torques. Applied Ocean Research, 130, article number 103444. doi: 10.1016/j.apor.2022.103444

Yu, Z., Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454, Zheng, X. , Liao, K., Sun, H. & Khayyer, A. (2023). A hybrid numerical model for simulating aero-elastic-hydro-mooring-wake dynamic responses of floating offshore wind turbine. Ocean Engineering, 268, article number 113050. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.113050

Rajana, K., Wang, Z. & Giaralis, A. ORCID: 0000-0002-2952-1171 (2023). Optimal design and assessment of tuned mass damper inerter with nonlinear viscous damper in seismically excited multi-storey buildings. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 21(3), pp. 1509-1539. doi: 10.1007/s10518-022-01609-3

Gong, J., Li, Y., Cui, M. , Yan, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-8968-6616 & Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454 (2022). Study on the surf-riding and broaching of trimaran in oblique stern waves. Ocean Engineering, 266(4), article number 112995. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.112995

Wang, J., Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454, Yang, Z. , Gao, J. & Wu, G. (2022). Two types of wave-current interactions and their effects on extreme waves in directional seas. Ocean Engineering, 266(1), article number 112637. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.112637

Xu, G., Zhou, Y., Yan, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-8968-6616 & Zhang, N. (2022). Numerical investigation of wave amplitude spectra effects on focusing wave generation. Ocean Engineering, 265, article number 112550. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.112550

Goodey, R. J., Divall, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-9212-5115 & Le, B. T. (2022). Surface settlements arising from elliptical shaft excavation in clay. International Journal of Physical Modelling in Geotechnics, 23(5), pp. 262-271. doi: 10.1680/jphmg.21.00080

Divall, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-9212-5115, Goodey, R. J., Lalicata, L. M. & Davies, M. C. R. (2022). Centrifuge Modelling of Long-term Tunnelling Ground Movements. In: Physical Modelling in Geotechnics. 10th International Conference on Physical Modelling in Geotechnics (ICPMG 2022), 19-23 Sep 2022, Daejeon, Korea.

Jagdale, S., Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454 & Yan, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-8968-6616 (2022). Springing Response of a Tension-Leg-Platform Wind Turbine Excited by Third-Harmonic Force in Nonlinear Regular Wave. International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering, 32(3), pp. 338-347. doi: 10.17736/ijope.2022.sh30

Balatti, D., Khodaparast, H. H., Friswell, M. I. & Manolesos, M. ORCID: 0000-0002-5506-6061 (2022). Improving Wind Tunnel "1-cos" Gust Profiles. Journal of Aircraft, 59(6), pp. 1514-1528. doi: 10.2514/1.c036772

Rattia, V., Divall, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-9212-5115, Gitirana Jr., G. & Assis, A. (2022). Estimating settlements due to TBM tunnelling. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Geotechnical Engineering, 176(6), pp. 675-686. doi: 10.1680/jgeen.21.00103

Chen, S., Zou, B., Han, C. & Yan, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-8968-6616 (2022). Comparative Study on Added Resistance and Seakeeping Performance of X-Bow and Wave-Piercing Monohull in Regular Head Waves. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 10(6), article number 813. doi: 10.3390/jmse10060813

Chng, L., Alber, J., Ntouras, D. , Papadakis, G., Kaufmann, N., Ouro, P. & Manolesos, M. ORCID: 0000-0002-5506-6061 (2022). On the combined use of Vortex Generators and Gurney Flaps for turbine airfoils. In: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. The Science of Making Torque from Wind (TORQUE) conference 2022, 1-3 Jun 2022, Delft, the Netherlands. doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2265/3/032040

Soto-Valle, R., Gualtieri, M., Bartholomay, S. , Manolesos, M. ORCID: 0000-0002-5506-6061, Nayeri, C. N., Bianchini, A. & Paschereit, C. O. (2022). Rotational and blockage effects on a wind turbine model based on local blade forces. In: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. The Science of Making Torque from Wind (TORQUE 2022), 1-3 Jun 2022, Delft, the Netherlands. doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2265/2/022102

Gong, J., Li, Y., Yan, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-8968-6616 & Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454 (2022). Numerical simulation of turn and zigzag Maneuvres of trimaran in calm water and waves by a hybrid method. Ocean Engineering, 253, article number 111239. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.111239

Sahin, B., Bravo-Haro, M. A. ORCID: 0000-0003-0757-777X & Elghazouli, A. Y. (2022). Assessment of cyclic degradation effects in composite steel-concrete members. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 192, article number 107231. doi: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2022.107231

Alber, J., Manolesos, M. ORCID: 0000-0002-5506-6061, Weinzierl-Dlugosch, G. , Fischer, J., Schönmeier, A., Nayeri, C. N., Paschereit, C. O., Twele, J., Fortmann, J., Melani, P. F. & Bianchini, A. (2022). Experimental investigation of mini Gurney flaps in combination with vortex generators for improved wind turbine blade performance. Wind Energy Science, 7(3), pp. 943-965. doi: 10.5194/wes-7-943-2022

Rajana, K. & Giaralis, A. ORCID: 0000-0002-2952-1171 (2022). A hybrid nonlinear rooftop isolated tuned mass damper-inerter system for seismic protection of building structures. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Natural Hazards and Infrastructure. 3rd International Conference on Natural Hazards & Infrastructure, 5-7 Jul 2022, Athens, Greece.

Gong, J., Li, Y., Yan, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-8968-6616 , Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454 & Hong, Z. (2022). Numerical Study on the Motion and Added Resistance of a Trimaran in Stern Waves Using a Hybrid Method. International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering, 32(1), pp. 49-57. doi: 10.17736/ijope.2022.jc840

Yu, Z., Zheng, X., Hao, H. , Yan, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-8968-6616 & Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454 (2022). Numerical Simulation of a Floating Offshore Wind Turbine in Waves Using qaleFOAM. International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering, 32(1), pp. 39-48. doi: 10.17736/ijope.2022.jc841

Manolesos, M. ORCID: 0000-0002-5506-6061 (2022). Vortex identification methods applied to wind turbine tip vortices. Wind Energy Science, 7(2), pp. 585-602. doi: 10.5194/wes-7-585-2022

Zhang, N., Yan, S. ORCID: 0000-0001-8968-6616, Ma, Q. ORCID: 0000-0001-5579-6454 & Zheng, X. (2022). A Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Framework for Interaction Between Ice and Flexible Pile. International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering, 32(1), pp. 16-23. doi: 10.17736/ijope.2022.jc849

Balatti, D., Haddad Khodaparast, H., Friswell, M. I. , Manolesos, M. ORCID: 0000-0002-5506-6061 & Amoozgar, M. (2022). The effect of folding wingtips on the worst-case gust loads of a simplified aircraft model. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 236(2), pp. 219-237. doi: 10.1177/09544100211010915

Mikes, I. G., Kappos, A. J. & Giaralis, A. ORCID: 0000-0002-2952-1171 (2022). Effect of abutment-backfill limit state definition on the assessment of seismic performance. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Natural Hazards and Infrastructure. 3rd International Conference on Natural Hazards & Infrastructure, 5-7 Jul 2022, Athens, Greece.